In previous article we studied about sliding window protocol. Selective repeat protocol is based on sliding window protocol. It is also called Selective Repeat ARQ (Automatic Repeat reQuest). Here, only the erroneous or lost frames are re-transmitted. Here, window size of sender and receiver are equal. Window size is half of maximum sequence number. If maximum sequence […]

In previous article we have discussed about one bit sliding window protocol which is based on the concept of sliding window protocol.  In one bit sliding window protocol the window size is of 1 bit. But in Go-Back-N protocol, senders window size is of N and receivers window size is of 1. It is a data […]

In previous article we have discussed about sliding window protocol. One bit sliding window protocol is based on the concept of sliding window protocol. But here the window size is of 1 bit. One bit sliding window protocol is used for delivery of data frames. Sender has sending window. Receiver has receiving window. Sending and receiving […]

Sliding windows protocol works as follows: Sender sends a fixed number of frames without acknowledgments. Each frame is labelled with a sequence number. On getting acknowledgments from the receiver. Sender sends more frames. Each acknowledgement is labelled with a respective frames sequence number. Precautions: There should not be duplicate sequence numbers. Example of Sliding window protocol; […]

A transmitter transmits the frame. Transmitter wait for the acknowledgement for fixed period of time. On receiving valid frame, receiver send back an acknowledgement for next frame. On receiving acknowledgement transmitter transmit next frame. If sender not received any acknowledgement within time duration it re-transmit the same frame. The rate of transmission depends on the processing power […]

In previous article Framing we had seen than, sender transmits packets in the form of frame to the receiver. But there is a travel of frame between sender to the receiver. So there is chances of error to occur in this travel. Now in this article we will see how error is control in data […]

We had seen in previous article framing, that to send packets from sender to the receiver framing is required. But the question was how the receiver will identify the starting and ending of a frame. For receiver, starting and ending of a frame is necessary to recognize the next frames transmitted by the sender. So […]

We had seen in previous article framing, that to send packets from sender to the receiver framing is required. But the question was how the receiver will identify the starting and ending of a frame. For receiver, starting and ending of a frame is necessary to recognize the next frames transmitted by the sender. So […]

We had seen in previous article framing, that to send packets from sender to the receiver framing is required. But the question was how the receiver will identify the starting and ending of a frame. For receiver, starting and ending of a frame is necessary to recognize the next frames transmitted by the sender. So […]

We had seen in previous article framing, that to send packets from sender to the receiver framing is required. But the question was how the receiver will identify the starting and ending of a frame. For receiver, starting and ending of a frame is necessary to recognize the next frames transmitted by the sender. So […]

To provide service to the network layer, the data link layer must use the service provided to it by the physical layer. As seen in the image above, the data link layer uses the services of the physical layer. In following steps data link layer received bits from the physical layer. Physical layer accept raw […]

Data link layer is the second layer in OSI model. As shown in image: As seen in the image above, the data link layer uses the services of the physical layer. These services are used in lending and receiving the bits over the communication channel. Functions of data link layer: Providing a well-defined service interface […]