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What is Serializability ? Serializability is the concurrency scheme.  Serializability ensures that a schedule for executing concurrent transactions is equivalent to one that executes the … Read more

What are Schedules ? Schedules are sequences that indicate the chronological order in which instructions of concurrent transactions are executed.A schedule must preserve the order … Read more

A transaction is a unit of program execution that accesses and  possibly updates one or more data items in  the database. For example, Money transfer … Read more

A Functional dependency is a relationship between attributes. In functional dependency we can obtain the value of another attribute from given attribute. For example,If we know … Read more

Normalization is a database design technique which organizes tables in a manner that reduces redundancy and dependency of data.  It divides larger tables to smaller … Read more

There are twelve rules formulated by E.F. Codd for RDBMS in 1970. If an RDBMS satisfies all these twelve rules, then only full benefits of the … Read more

Design of a database is called the schema. Types of Schema Physical schema Logical schema View schema. 1. Physical schema The design of a database … Read more

Keys Keys are very important part of Relational database.They are used to establish and identify relation between tables. They also ensure that each record within … Read more

A database relation is a predefined row/column format for storing information in a relational database. Relations are equivalent to tables.Also Known As: Table Characterstics of relation: … Read more

In general, an attribute is a characteristic. It is the name of the column.An attribute gives the characteristics of the entity. In a database management … Read more