1.What is the primary objective of rainwater harvesting?
a) To prevent flooding in urban areas
b) To conserve water resources for future use
c) To increase groundwater pollution
d) To promote deforestation
Answer: b) To conserve water resources for future use
Explanation: Rainwater harvesting involves collecting and storing rainwater for various purposes such as irrigation, household use, and replenishing groundwater.
2.Which legislation is primarily concerned with controlling air pollution in India?
a) Environment Protection Act
b) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
c) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
d) Wildlife Protection Act
Answer: b) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
Explanation: The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act aims to prevent, control, and abate air pollution in India by regulating emissions from industries and vehicles.
3.What is the main purpose of watershed management?
a) To increase water pollution
b) To divert water away from urban areas
c) To sustainably manage water resources in a specific area
d) To promote desertification
Answer: c) To sustainably manage water resources in a specific area
Explanation: Watershed management focuses on managing the land and water resources within a specific watershed to ensure sustainable use and conservation of water.
4.Which environmental issue is primarily associated with depletion of the ozone layer?
a) Global warming
b) Acid rain
c) Ozone layer depletion
d) Nuclear accidents
Answer: c) Ozone layer depletion
Explanation: Ozone layer depletion refers to the thinning of the ozone layer in the Earth’s stratosphere, primarily due to the release of ozone-depleting substances, such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons.
5.What is the main purpose of the Wildlife Protection Act?
a) To encourage hunting of endangered species
b) To regulate trade in wildlife and their products
c) To promote habitat destruction
d) To promote captivity of wild animals
Answer: b) To regulate trade in wildlife and their products
Explanation: The Wildlife Protection Act aims to protect wildlife and their habitats by regulating hunting, trade, and transportation of wildlife and their products.
6.What is the primary cause of global warming?
a) Depletion of the ozone layer
b) Industrial pollution
c) Deforestation
d) Greenhouse gas emissions
Answer: d) Greenhouse gas emissions
Explanation: Global warming is primarily caused by the increased concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, mainly due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation.
7.Which act in India primarily focuses on the protection and conservation of forests?
a) Wildlife Protection Act
b) Forest Conservation Act
c) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
d) Environment Protection Act
Answer: b) Forest Conservation Act
Explanation: The Forest Conservation Act aims to conserve and protect forests by regulating the diversion of forest land for non-forest purposes.
8.What is the main purpose of wasteland reclamation?
a) To increase desertification
b) To convert fertile land into wasteland
c) To restore degraded land for productive use
d) To promote deforestation
Answer: c) To restore degraded land for productive use
Explanation: Wasteland reclamation involves restoring degraded or barren land to a productive state by implementing various soil and water conservation measures.
9.Which environmental issue is primarily associated with nuclear accidents?
a) Acid rain
b) Ozone layer depletion
c) Global warming
d) Radioactive contamination
Answer: d) Radioactive contamination
Explanation: Nuclear accidents can lead to radioactive contamination of the environment, posing significant health and environmental risks.
10.What is the main focus of the Environment Protection Act?
a) To promote pollution
b) To regulate environmental impact assessments
c) To encourage deforestation
d) To conserve and protect the environment
Answer: d) To conserve and protect the environment
Explanation: The Environment Protection Act aims to protect and improve the quality of the environment by regulating activities that may have adverse impacts on the environment.
11.Which legislation is primarily concerned with controlling water pollution in India?
a) Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
b) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
c) Environment Protection Act
d) Forest Conservation Act
Answer: b) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act
Explanation: The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act focuses on preventing and controlling water pollution by regulating the discharge of pollutants into water bodies.
12.What is the main purpose of resettlement and rehabilitation of people?
a) To promote homelessness
b) To displace indigenous communities
c) To address social and environmental impacts of development projects
d) To encourage urban sprawl
Answer: c) To address social and environmental impacts of development projects
Explanation: Resettlement and rehabilitation aim to mitigate the adverse social and environmental impacts of development projects by providing assistance and support to affected communities.
13.Which environmental issue is primarily caused by the combustion of fossil fuels?
a) Acid rain
b) Ozone layer depletion
c) Global warming
d) Radioactive contamination
Answer: c) Global warming
Explanation: The combustion of fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, which contribute to global warming by trapping heat in the Earth’s atmosphere.
14.What is the main purpose of wasteland reclamation?
a) To increase desertification
b) To restore degraded land for productive use
c) To promote deforestation
d) To convert fertile land into wasteland
Answer: b) To restore degraded land for productive use
Explanation: Wasteland reclamation involves restoring degraded or barren land to a productive state by implementing various soil and water conservation measures.
15.Which environmental issue is primarily associated with consumerism and waste products?
a) Ozone layer depletion
b) Acid rain
c) Global warming
d) Generation of solid waste
Answer: d) Generation of solid waste
Explanation: Consumerism and waste products contribute to the generation of solid waste, which poses significant environmental challenges such as pollution and resource depletion.
16.What is the main objective of public awareness campaigns related to the environment?
a) To promote environmental degradation
b) To increase awareness about environmental issues and conservation practices
c) To encourage unsustainable development
d) To advocate for increased pollution
Answer: b) To increase awareness about environmental issues and conservation practices
Explanation: Public awareness campaigns aim to educate and inform the public about environmental issues and promote sustainable practices for conservation and protection of the environment.
17.Which environmental issue is primarily associated with deforestation?
a) Global warming
b) Ozone layer depletion
c) Acid rain
d) Nuclear accidents
Answer: a) Global warming
Explanation: Deforestation contributes to global warming by reducing the number of trees available to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, leading to an increase in greenhouse gas emissions and subsequent warming of the Earth’s climate.
18.What is the primary focus of the Wildlife Protection Act?
a) To regulate trade in wildlife and their products
b) To encourage hunting of endangered species
c) To promote habitat destruction
d) To promote captivity of wild animals
Answer: a) To regulate trade in wildlife and their products
Explanation: The Wildlife Protection Act primarily aims to regulate and control trade in wildlife and their products to ensure the conservation and protection of endangered species and their habitats.
19.What is the main purpose of the Environment Protection Act?
a) To promote pollution
b) To regulate environmental impact assessments
c) To encourage deforestation
d) To conserve and protect the environment
Answer: d) To conserve and protect the environment
Explanation: The Environment Protection Act is aimed at conserving and protecting the environment by regulating activities that may have adverse impacts on it, ensuring sustainable development and environmental sustainability.