Several libraries in Python are commonly used for machine learning tasks.
A combination of these libraries can cover a wide range of machine learning tasks.
Here are some key libraries:
1. NumPy and SciPy:
- NumPy (Numerical Python): Provides support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with mathematical functions to operate on these arrays.
- SciPy (Scientific Python): Builds on NumPy and provides additional functionality for optimization, integration, interpolation, eigenvalue problems, and more.
2. Pandas:
Offers data structures like DataFrame for data manipulation and analysis. It’s particularly useful for handling structured data.
3. Matplotlib and Seaborn:
- Matplotlib: A comprehensive library for creating static, interactive, and animated plots in Python.
- Seaborn: Built on top of Matplotlib, Seaborn provides a high-level interface for drawing attractive and informative statistical graphics.
4. Scikit-learn:
A machine learning library that provides simple and efficient tools for data analysis and modeling, including classification, regression, clustering, dimensionality reduction, and more.
5. TensorFlow and PyTorch:
- TensorFlow: Developed by Google, TensorFlow is an open-source machine learning framework widely used for building and training deep learning models.
- PyTorch: Developed by Facebook, PyTorch is another popular deep learning framework known for its dynamic computation graph.
6. Keras:
A high-level neural networks API written in Python that runs on top of TensorFlow, Theano, or Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit (CNTK). It is often used for quick and easy prototyping of deep learning models.
7. Statsmodels:
A library for estimating and testing statistical models. It is particularly useful for statistical analysis and hypothesis testing.
8. NLTK (Natural Language Toolkit):
A library for working with human language data (text). It provides easy-to-use interfaces to over 50 corpora and lexical resources, such as WordNet.
9. OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision Library):
Primarily focused on computer vision, OpenCV is widely used for image and video processing tasks.
10. XGBoost and LightGBM:
- XGBoost: An optimized gradient boosting library that is widely used for classification and regression problems.
- LightGBM: A gradient boosting framework that uses tree-based learning algorithms, designed for distributed and efficient training.