| Full form | Random Access Memory | Read-Only Memory |
| Volatility | Volatile memory | Non-volatile memory |
| Read/Write | Read and write operations | Read-only operations |
| Data Storage | Temporary storage for data and instructions | Permanent storage for firmware and software instructions |
| Data Retention | Requires power to retain data | Data retention even without power |
| Types | Different types (e.g., DRAM, SRAM) | Different types (e.g., PROM, EPROM, EEPROM) |
| Usage | Used for active program execution and data storage | Used for storing firmware, boot loaders, and software instructions |
| Modifiability | Can be modified or overwritten | Typically pre-programmed during manufacturing |
| Size | Generally larger capacities | Smaller capacities compared to RAM |
| Speed | Faster access and data transfer speeds | Slower access and data transfer speeds |
| Examples | DDR4, DDR3, SRAM | PROM, EPROM, EEPROM |
