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What is Multiprocessor ? Explain inter process communication in detail ?

Multiprocessor

Multiprocessor refers to a computer system that uses multiple processors or CPUs to execute tasks in parallel, thus improving the overall system performance. Each processor in a multiprocessor system has its own local memory, and the processors communicate with each other using various interconnection networks.

Interprocess communication (IPC)

Interprocess communication (IPC) refers to the exchange of data between different processes in a computer system. In a multiprocessor system, IPC is essential for enabling communication and synchronization between the different processors and ensuring that they work together efficiently.

Some common methods of IPC in multiprocessor systems:

  1. Shared Memory
  2. Message Passing
  3. Synchronization Primitives
  4. Premote Procedure Calls

1. Shared Memory:

Shared memory is a popular method of IPC in multiprocessor systems. In this method, multiple processors share a common region of memory, and each processor can read and write data to this region. Shared memory is fast and efficient but requires careful synchronization to ensure that multiple processors do not access the same memory location at the same time.

2. Message Passing:

Message passing is another common method of IPC in multiprocessor systems. In this method, processes communicate with each other by sending and receiving messages through a communication network. Each message contains a specific set of data and a destination process identifier. Message passing is flexible and can handle both synchronous and asynchronous communication but can be slower than shared memory.

3. Synchronization Primitives:

Synchronization primitives, such as locks, semaphores, and barriers, are used to coordinate the activities of different processes in a multiprocessor system. These primitives ensure that only one process can access a shared resource at a time, and they prevent conflicts and deadlocks in the system.

4. Remote Procedure Calls:

Remote procedure calls (RPCs) allow processes to invoke procedures or functions that are located in a different process or processor. In this method, the calling process sends a message to the remote process, which executes the requested procedure and returns the results to the calling process.