1. What is the purpose of reducing program risks in the system development life cycle?
a) To increase project complexity
b) To decrease project budget
c) To identify and mitigate potential issues early
d) To speed up project delivery
Answer: c) To identify and mitigate potential issues early
Explanation: Reducing program risks aims to anticipate and address potential problems before they escalate, thereby enhancing project success and reducing costly setbacks.
2. Which phase of the system development life cycle focuses on analyzing and documenting user needs and expectations?
a) Requirements Analysis
b) Prototype Development
c) Development Testing
d) Functional Analysis and Design
Answer: a) Requirements Analysis
Explanation: The Requirements Analysis phase involves understanding and documenting user requirements to ensure the system meets stakeholders’ needs effectively.
3. How does prototype development contribute to risk mitigation in system development?
a) By delaying project timelines
b) By increasing project costs
c) By providing a tangible model for early feedback and validation
d) By reducing stakeholder involvement
Answer: c) By providing a tangible model for early feedback and validation
Explanation: Prototyping allows stakeholders to visualize and interact with a preliminary version of the system, enabling early identification and resolution of potential issues, thus reducing overall project risks.
4. Which phase of the system development life cycle involves creating detailed specifications for system functionalities?
a) Development Testing
b) Requirements Analysis
c) Functional Analysis and Design
d) Risk Reduction
Answer: c) Functional Analysis and Design
Explanation: Functional Analysis and Design phase is where detailed specifications for the system’s functionalities are developed based on the requirements gathered in the previous phases.
5. What is the primary purpose of development testing in the system development life cycle?
a) To finalize project documentation
b) To identify and fix defects in the system
c) To initiate project deployment
d) To gather user feedback
Answer: b) To identify and fix defects in the system
Explanation: Development testing aims to uncover defects and errors in the system’s functionality or design before it is deployed, allowing for timely corrections and improvements.
6. Where does the engineering design phase typically occur in the system life cycle?
a) At the beginning
b) In the middle
c) At the end
d) It varies depending on the project
Answer: b) In the middle
Explanation: The engineering design phase usually occurs after requirements analysis but before prototype development and testing phases.
7. What are the main activities involved in the engineering design phase?
a) Requirement gathering and analysis
b) User interface design and testing
c) Detailed system design and architecture planning
d) Project deployment and maintenance
Answer: c) Detailed system design and architecture planning
Explanation: The engineering design phase involves creating detailed plans for the system’s architecture, components, and functionalities based on the gathered requirements.
8. Which technique is used in risk reduction by developing prototypes?
a) Avoidance
b) Acceptance
c) Mitigation
d) Transfer
Answer: c) Mitigation
Explanation: Developing prototypes helps mitigate risks by allowing for early identification and resolution of potential issues before full-scale development.
9. What role does requirements analysis play in reducing project risks?
a) It increases project complexity
b) It delays project timelines
c) It ensures alignment between user needs and system functionalities
d) It decreases stakeholder involvement
Answer: c) It ensures alignment between user needs and system functionalities
Explanation: Requirements analysis ensures that the developed system meets the intended user needs, reducing the risk of delivering a product that does not meet expectations.
10. In which phase of the system development life cycle are potential risks identified and evaluated?
a) Development Testing
b) Risk Reduction
c) Requirements Analysis
d) Prototype Development
Answer: b) Risk Reduction
Explanation: Risk Reduction phase involves identifying potential risks and evaluating their impact on the project, followed by implementing strategies to mitigate or manage these risks effectively.