1. What is the relationship between the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of a piston in an engine?
a) Displacement and velocity are inversely proportional, while acceleration is constant.
b) Displacement and acceleration are directly proportional, while velocity remains constant.
c) Displacement is the integral of velocity, and velocity is the integral of acceleration.
d) Acceleration is the derivative of velocity, and velocity is the derivative of displacement.
Answer: d) Acceleration is the derivative of velocity, and velocity is the derivative of displacement.
Explanation: In engine mechanisms, displacement is the distance traveled by the piston, velocity is the rate of change of displacement, and acceleration is the rate of change of velocity.
2. What does the turning moment on a crankshaft represent?
a) The force exerted by the piston on the crankshaft.
b) The rotational speed of the crankshaft.
c) The torque applied to the crankshaft.
d) The linear motion of the piston.
Answer: c) The torque applied to the crankshaft.
Explanation: The turning moment on a crankshaft represents the torque applied to it, usually by the combustion of fuel in the engine cylinders.
3. What is the purpose of a turning moment diagram in engine analysis?
a) To measure the linear displacement of the piston.
b) To visualize the variation of torque on the crankshaft throughout a cycle.
c) To calculate the maximum velocity of the piston.
d) To determine the efficiency of the engine.
Answer: b) To visualize the variation of torque on the crankshaft throughout a cycle.
Explanation: A turning moment diagram helps engineers understand how torque varies on the crankshaft during each cycle, aiding in engine performance analysis and optimization.
4. What causes fluctuations in crankshaft speed in an engine?
a) Variations in fuel quality.
b) Uneven combustion in the cylinders.
c) Changes in oil viscosity.
d) Wear and tear of engine components.
Answer: b) Uneven combustion in the cylinders.
Explanation: Fluctuations in crankshaft speed often result from uneven combustion in the engine cylinders, leading to irregular torque generation.
5. How does a flywheel contribute to engine stability?
a) By increasing engine speed.
b) By storing and releasing energy to even out fluctuations in crankshaft speed.
c) By reducing engine power.
d) By increasing fuel consumption.
Answer: b) By storing and releasing energy to even out fluctuations in crankshaft speed.
Explanation: A flywheel acts as a mechanical battery, storing kinetic energy during power strokes and releasing it during non-power strokes, thus stabilizing crankshaft speed.
6. What type of motion does the fluctuation of crankshaft speed represent?
a) Linear motion.
b) Circular motion.
c) Oscillatory motion.
d) Translational motion.
Answer: c) Oscillatory motion.
Explanation: Fluctuations in crankshaft speed represent an oscillatory motion, where the speed varies periodically around a mean value.
7. How does the displacement of a piston relate to the volume within the engine cylinder?
a) Displacement is directly proportional to the cylinder volume.
b) Displacement is inversely proportional to the cylinder volume.
c) Displacement is unrelated to the cylinder volume.
d) Displacement is proportional to the square of the cylinder volume.
Answer: a) Displacement is directly proportional to the cylinder volume.
Explanation: The displacement of a piston is directly proportional to the volume of the engine cylinder it moves within.
8. What effect does increased turning moment have on engine performance?
a) Decreased torque.
b) Increased acceleration.
c) Improved fuel efficiency.
d) Enhanced power output.
Answer: d) Enhanced power output.
Explanation: Increased turning moment or torque on the crankshaft leads to enhanced power output, allowing the engine to perform better.
9. How does the shape of a turning moment diagram vary in a well-tuned engine compared to a poorly tuned one?
a) It remains constant.
b) It becomes smoother in a well-tuned engine.
c) It becomes jagged in a well-tuned engine.
d) It becomes inverted in a well-tuned engine.
Answer: b) It becomes smoother in a well-tuned engine.
Explanation: In a well-tuned engine, the turning moment diagram typically exhibits smoother variations, indicating more consistent torque delivery.
10. What role does the turning moment play in determining engine output?
a) It regulates fuel intake.
b) It controls exhaust emissions.
c) It influences the engine’s ability to do work.
d) It affects the cooling system.
Answer: c) It influences the engine’s ability to do work.
Explanation: The turning moment, or torque, directly affects the engine’s ability to produce power and perform work, making it a critical factor in determining engine output.