- Which of the following methods is primarily used for removing fine particulate matter from wastewater?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Phosphorus removal
Answer: a) Diatomaceous earth filters
Explanation: Diatomaceous earth filters are specifically designed to remove fine particulate matter, such as suspended solids and microorganisms, from wastewater by passing it through a porous medium composed of diatomaceous earth. - What technology is employed to effectively remove bacteria and viruses from wastewater?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Nitrogen removal
Answer: b) Ultrafiltration
Explanation: Ultrafiltration is a membrane filtration process that utilizes a semi-permeable membrane to effectively remove bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens from wastewater by size exclusion. - Which method is commonly used for removing organic contaminants and improving the taste and odor of treated water?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Phosphorus removal
Answer: c) Adsorption by activated carbon
Explanation: Activated carbon has a high surface area and adsorptive capacity, making it effective for removing organic contaminants, as well as improving the taste and odor of water by adsorbing organic compounds responsible for these characteristics. - Which process is essential for reducing the risk of eutrophication in receiving water bodies?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Phosphorus removal
d) Nitrogen removal
Answer: c) Phosphorus removal
Explanation: Phosphorus removal from wastewater is crucial for mitigating eutrophication, as excessive phosphorus levels can lead to algal blooms and oxygen depletion in aquatic ecosystems, harming aquatic life. - Which technique is primarily utilized for reducing the concentration of ammonia in wastewater?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Nitrogen removal
Answer: d) Nitrogen removal
Explanation: Nitrogen removal processes, such as nitrification-denitrification, are specifically designed to reduce the concentration of ammonia and other nitrogenous compounds in wastewater, thereby minimizing the environmental impact of nitrogen discharge. - Which method is known for its ability to remove suspended solids and improve water clarity?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Phosphorus removal
Answer: a) Diatomaceous earth filters
Explanation: Diatomaceous earth filters are effective in removing suspended solids from wastewater, which enhances water clarity by reducing turbidity and visible particulate matter. - Which treatment process is crucial for meeting stringent effluent quality standards in wastewater treatment plants?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Nitrogen removal
Answer: b) Ultrafiltration
Explanation: Ultrafiltration is often employed in advanced wastewater treatment plants to meet strict effluent quality standards by removing fine particles, microorganisms, and pathogens from wastewater to produce high-quality treated water. - Which method is particularly effective in removing trace organic pollutants, such as pesticides and pharmaceuticals, from wastewater?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Phosphorus removal
Answer: c) Adsorption by activated carbon
Explanation: Activated carbon is highly effective in adsorbing trace organic pollutants present in wastewater, including pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants, thereby improving water quality. - Which process is essential for preventing nutrient pollution in aquatic ecosystems?
a) Phosphorus removal
b) Nitrogen removal
c) Ultrafiltration
d) Adsorption by activated carbon
Answer: a) Phosphorus removal
Explanation: Phosphorus removal from wastewater is critical for preventing nutrient pollution in aquatic ecosystems, as excessive phosphorus can lead to eutrophication, algal blooms, and ecological imbalances. - Which treatment method is most effective for removing both suspended solids and pathogens from wastewater?
a) Diatomaceous earth filters
b) Ultrafiltration
c) Adsorption by activated carbon
d) Phosphorus removal
Answer: b) Ultrafiltration
Explanation: Ultrafiltration combines the removal of suspended solids and pathogens from wastewater by utilizing a semi-permeable membrane, making it highly effective in producing high-quality treated water.
Advanced Waste-water treatment MCQS
By Dipali Umre