1. Which material is primarily derived from the distillation of crude oil and commonly used in road construction?
a) Bitumen
b) Tar
c) Asphalt
d) Poly Vinyl Chloride
Answer: a) Bitumen
Explanation: Bitumen, also known as asphalt in its solid form, is a sticky, black, and highly viscous liquid or semi-solid form of petroleum. It is extensively used in road construction as a binder mixed with aggregate to create asphalt concrete.
2. What is the primary purpose of using Ultra Poly Vinyl Chloride (UPVC) pipes in construction?
a) Sound insulation
b) Thermal insulation
c) Water transport
d) Gas transport
Answer: c) Water transport
Explanation: UPVC pipes are commonly used in construction for water supply and drainage systems due to their durability, chemical resistance, and low cost compared to traditional materials like metal or concrete.
3. Which material is commonly used for thermal insulation in buildings?
a) Asphalt
b) Bitumen
c) Fiberglass
d) Tar
Answer: c) Fiberglass
Explanation: Fiberglass is an excellent thermal insulator commonly used in buildings to reduce heat transfer. It is lightweight, fire-resistant, and does not absorb moisture, making it ideal for insulation applications.
4. What is the primary function of sound insulating materials in construction?
a) Absorbing moisture
b) Reducing heat transfer
c) Minimizing sound transmission
d) Enhancing structural strength
Answer: c) Minimizing sound transmission
Explanation: Sound insulating materials are used in construction to reduce the transmission of sound between rooms or from outside sources, thereby improving acoustical comfort within buildings.
5. Which waterproofing material is commonly applied to concrete structures to prevent water penetration?
a) Bitumen
b) Asphalt
c) Silicone sealants
d) Tar
Answer: c) Silicone sealants
Explanation: Silicone sealants are frequently used in construction to provide waterproofing for joints and gaps in concrete structures. They form a flexible and durable barrier against water infiltration.
6. Which of the following materials is a byproduct of coal distillation and historically used for waterproofing and preserving wood?
a) Asphalt
b) Bitumen
c) Tar
d) Fiberglass
Answer: c) Tar
Explanation: Tar, derived from coal distillation, has been traditionally used for waterproofing and preserving wood, as well as for various industrial applications such as roofing and road construction.
7. What characteristic makes Ultra Poly Vinyl Chloride (UPVC) pipes suitable for underground applications?
a) Corrosion resistance
b) High thermal conductivity
c) Low flexibility
d) High cost
Answer: a) Corrosion resistance
Explanation: UPVC pipes are resistant to corrosion, making them well-suited for underground applications where they are exposed to moisture and soil conditions that can degrade other materials.
8. Which material is commonly used for waterproofing flat roofs and foundations?
a) Asphalt
b) Bitumen
c) Silicone sealants
d) Tar
Answer: b) Bitumen
Explanation: Bitumen, due to its waterproofing properties and ability to adhere to various surfaces, is frequently used for waterproofing flat roofs and foundations in construction.
9. Which property of thermal insulating materials helps in conserving energy within buildings?
a) High thermal conductivity
b) Low density
c) High heat capacity
d) Low thermal resistance
Answer: d) Low thermal resistance
Explanation: Thermal insulating materials with low thermal resistance inhibit heat transfer, helping to maintain desired temperatures within buildings and reducing the need for heating and cooling, thereby conserving energy.
10. In construction, which material is commonly used as a vapor barrier to prevent moisture from penetrating building structures?
a) Fiberglass
b) Tar
c) Silicone sealants
d) Bitumen
Answer: d) Bitumen
Explanation: Bitumen is often used as a vapor barrier in construction to prevent moisture from penetrating building structures, thereby protecting against water damage and maintaining the integrity of the building envelope.