1. Which of the following geological factors is NOT typically considered in the selection of sites for Dam construction?
a) Rock type and quality
b) Fault lines and seismic activity
c) Soil erosion rates
d) Vegetation density
Answer: d) Vegetation density
Explanation: Vegetation density, while relevant in some ecological assessments, is not typically a primary consideration in the selection of dam construction sites. Instead, factors like rock type, fault lines, and soil erosion rates are crucial for ensuring structural stability and long-term safety.
2. In remote sensing, what does EMS stand for?
a) Earth Monitoring System
b) Electromagnetic Spectrum
c) Environmental Management System
d) External Monitoring Service
Answer: b) Electromagnetic Spectrum
Explanation: EMS stands for Electromagnetic Spectrum, which refers to the range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation used in remote sensing techniques to capture information about the Earth’s surface.
3. Which component of remote sensing platforms is responsible for capturing and recording electromagnetic radiation?
a) Sensor
b) Transmitter
c) Receiver
d) Antenna
Answer: a) Sensor
Explanation: The sensor is the component of remote sensing platforms responsible for capturing and recording electromagnetic radiation reflected or emitted from the Earth’s surface.
4. What is the primary purpose of visual interpretation techniques in remote sensing?
a) To calibrate sensors
b) To enhance image resolution
c) To analyze spectral signatures
d) To identify and classify features
Answer: d) To identify and classify features
Explanation: Visual interpretation techniques in remote sensing are primarily used to identify and classify features on Earth’s surface, such as land cover types, geological formations, or urban infrastructure.
5. Which of the following is NOT an application of GIS in civil engineering?
a) Site selection for infrastructure projects
b) Monitoring and management of construction projects
c) Traffic flow optimization
d) Real-time weather forecasting
Answer: d) Real-time weather forecasting
Explanation: While GIS (Geographic Information System) can integrate weather data for various purposes, real-time weather forecasting is typically handled by specialized meteorological systems rather than GIS platforms.
6. What role does remote sensing play in the selection of tunnel construction sites?
a) Identifying potential geological hazards
b) Measuring soil compaction levels
c) Monitoring air quality
d) Assessing traffic patterns
Answer: a) Identifying potential geological hazards
Explanation: Remote sensing techniques can help identify potential geological hazards such as unstable rock formations or fault lines, aiding in the selection of safe tunnel construction sites.
7. What geological property is crucial for the construction of reservoirs?
a) Soil pH
b) Rock porosity
c) Permeability
d) Vegetation type
Answer: c) Permeability
Explanation: Permeability, which refers to the ability of rocks or soils to allow fluids to pass through, is crucial for the construction of reservoirs to prevent water leakage and maintain water storage capacity.
8. Which remote sensing element is responsible for transmitting electromagnetic radiation towards the Earth’s surface?
a) Antenna
b) Receiver
c) Transmitter
d) Sensor
Answer: c) Transmitter
Explanation: The transmitter is the remote sensing element responsible for transmitting electromagnetic radiation towards the Earth’s surface, which is then reflected or emitted and captured by the sensor.
9. How can GIS assist in water resource mapping?
a) By monitoring water pollution levels
b) By identifying potential groundwater recharge areas
c) By measuring river flow rates
d) By analyzing cloud cover
Answer: b) By identifying potential groundwater recharge areas
Explanation: GIS can assist in water resource mapping by identifying potential groundwater recharge areas through the analysis of geological and hydrological data, helping in sustainable water management practices.
10. What aspect of rocks is important for the selection of canal construction sites?
a) Color
b) Density
c) Hardness
d) Organic content
Answer: c) Hardness
Explanation: The hardness of rocks is crucial for the selection of canal construction sites as it determines the ease of excavation and the stability of canal walls against erosion and collapse.