1.What is Object-Oriented Thinking?
a) A programming paradigm focused on procedures and functions.
b) A methodology that revolves around the concept of objects.
c) A technique solely concerned with input-output processing.
d) A method of organizing data into arrays and structures.
Answer: b) A methodology that revolves around the concept of objects.
Explanation: Object-Oriented Thinking is centered around the concept of objects, which encapsulate data and behavior.
2.Which programming paradigm focuses on step-by-step instructions and function calls?
a) Object-Oriented Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Functional Programming
d) Imperative Programming
Answer: b) Procedural Programming
Explanation: Procedural Programming is characterized by a series of steps and function calls to accomplish a task.
3.What is a key feature of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?
a) Emphasis on global variables
b) Heavy reliance on switch-case statements
c) Inheritance and polymorphism
d) Sequential execution of code
Answer: c) Inheritance and polymorphism
Explanation: Inheritance and polymorphism are fundamental features of Object-Oriented Programming, allowing for code reuse and flexibility.
4.What is a merit of Object-Oriented Methodology?
a) Tight coupling between modules
b) Limited code reusability
c) Encapsulation enhances data security
d) Dependency on global variables
Answer: c) Encapsulation enhances data security
Explanation: Encapsulation in OOP hides the internal state of objects, thereby enhancing data security and integrity.
5.Which of the following is a demerit of Object-Oriented Methodology?
a) Increased modularity
b) Improved code maintainability
c) Overhead due to inheritance hierarchy
d) Reduced code flexibility
Answer: c) Overhead due to inheritance hierarchy
Explanation: Inheritance hierarchies in OOP can sometimes introduce complexity and overhead.
6.What does the Object Model represent in Object-Oriented Programming?
a) A representation of data flow in a system
b) A graphical user interface design
c) A blueprint for creating objects
d) A database schema
Answer: c) A blueprint for creating objects
Explanation: The Object Model in OOP defines the structure and behavior of objects.
7.Which of the following is an element of Object-Oriented Programming?
a) Functions
b) Objects
c) GOTO statements
d) Global variables
Answer: b) Objects
Explanation: Objects are the fundamental building blocks of Object-Oriented Programming.
8.What is a characteristic of Input-Output (IO) processing?
a) It is not required in Object-Oriented Programming.
b) It involves the manipulation of data stored in objects.
c) It deals with the exchange of data between a program and external sources.
d) It is only applicable in Procedural Programming.
Answer: c) It deals with the exchange of data between a program and external sources.
Explanation: Input-Output processing involves handling data exchanges between a program and external entities.
9.Which programming paradigm focuses on data and functions as separate entities?
a) Object-Oriented Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Functional Programming
d) Declarative Programming
Answer: b) Procedural Programming
Explanation: In Procedural Programming, data and functions are treated separately, unlike in OOP where they are encapsulated within objects.
10.What is the primary goal of Object-Oriented Programming?
a) Code execution speed
b) Tight coupling between modules
c) Code reusability and flexibility
d) Limited encapsulation
Answer: c) Code reusability and flexibility
Explanation: Object-Oriented Programming aims to enhance code reusability and flexibility through features like inheritance and polymorphism.
11.In Object-Oriented Programming, what is polymorphism?
a) The ability of an object to take many forms
b) The process of hiding the implementation details
c) A technique for combining data and functions into a single unit
d) The inheritance of attributes and behaviors from a parent class
Answer: a) The ability of an object to take many forms
Explanation: Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass.
12.Which programming paradigm focuses on functions that operate on data?
a) Object-Oriented Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Functional Programming
d) Logical Programming
Answer: c) Functional Programming
Explanation: Functional Programming emphasizes functions that operate on data, often avoiding mutable state and side effects.
13.What is a key benefit of encapsulation in Object-Oriented Programming?
a) Increased code complexity
b) Enhanced data security
c) Limited code reuse
d) Exposure of internal implementation details
Answer: b) Enhanced data security
Explanation: Encapsulation hides the internal state of objects, thereby enhancing data security by preventing direct access to data.
14.Which of the following is an example of Object-Oriented Thinking?
a) Writing a procedural algorithm to sort an array
b) Identifying real-world entities and modeling them as objects
c) Using global variables extensively for data storage
d) Nesting multiple if-else statements to handle conditions
Answer: b) Identifying real-world entities and modeling them as objects
Explanation: Object-Oriented Thinking involves identifying objects and their relationships in real-world scenarios.
15.What does inheritance provide in Object-Oriented Programming?
a) Code redundancy
b) Enhanced code flexibility
c) Tight coupling between classes
d) Limited code reusability
Answer: b) Enhanced code flexibility
Explanation: Inheritance allows subclasses to inherit attributes and behaviors from their parent classes, enhancing code flexibility and reuse.
16.Which paradigm focuses on breaking down a program into small, reusable modules?
a) Object-Oriented Programming
b) Procedural Programming
c) Modular Programming
d) Imperative Programming
Answer: c) Modular Programming
Explanation: Modular Programming emphasizes breaking down a program into smaller, reusable modules, independent of their data.
17.What is the purpose of abstraction in Object-Oriented Programming?
a) To expose internal implementation details
b) To minimize code reuse
c) To represent essential features while hiding implementation complexity
d) To tightly couple classes together
Answer: c) To represent essential features while hiding implementation complexity
Explanation: Abstraction allows the representation of essential features while hiding the implementation details, promoting simplicity and flexibility.
18.What distinguishes Object-Oriented Programming from Procedural Programming?
a) Procedural Programming emphasizes data encapsulation.
b) Object-Oriented Programming focuses on step-by-step execution.
c) Object-Oriented Programming emphasizes objects and their interactions.
d) Procedural Programming relies heavily on inheritance.
Answer: c) Object-Oriented Programming emphasizes objects and their interactions.
Explanation: OOP revolves around objects and their interactions, while Procedural Programming focuses on step-by-step execution of procedures.
19.Which aspect of Object-Oriented Programming promotes code reuse and flexibility?
a) Tight coupling
b) Polymorphism
c) Global variables
d) Linear execution flow
Answer: b) Polymorphism
Explanation: Polymorphism allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass, promoting code reuse and flexibility.
20.What role do constructors play in Object-Oriented Programming?
a) They destruct objects.
b) They initialize objects.
c) They handle input-output operations.
d) They enforce encapsulation rules.
Answer: b) They initialize objects.
Explanation: Constructors are special methods used to initialize objects when they are created.