1. Which of the following research methodologies focuses on bringing about practical change in social situations?
a) Traditional Research
b) Action Research
c) Participatory Research
d) Qualitative Data Construction
Answer: b) Action Research
Explanation: Action research involves actively participating in a social situation to bring about practical change or improvement. Researchers collaborate with stakeholders to identify problems, develop solutions, and implement interventions, aiming for real-world impact.
2. Sociometry is a qualitative research method primarily concerned with:
a) Analyzing numerical data
b) Examining social relationships
c) Conducting experiments
d) Measuring physical characteristics
Answer: b) Examining social relationships
Explanation: Sociometry is a qualitative research method that focuses on analyzing social relationships within a group. It involves mapping interpersonal connections, identifying social dynamics, and understanding patterns of interaction.
3. Which qualitative method involves systematically recording behaviors and interactions as they naturally occur?
a) Case Studies
b) Coding
c) Observation
d) Content Analysis
Answer: c) Observation
Explanation: Observation involves systematically watching and recording behaviors, interactions, and events in their natural settings without interference. Researchers use various techniques to gather data, such as field notes and video/audio recordings.
4. What is the primary purpose of coding in qualitative research?
a) To categorize data
b) To conduct statistical analysis
c) To design surveys
d) To generate hypotheses
Answer: a) To categorize data
Explanation: Coding involves categorizing qualitative data into themes, patterns, or codes to identify recurring concepts or ideas. It helps researchers organize and analyze large volumes of qualitative data efficiently.
5. Which qualitative research method involves a detailed examination of a particular individual, group, or phenomenon within its real-life context?
a) Sociometry
b) Content Analysis
c) Case Studies
d) Action Research
Answer: c) Case Studies
Explanation: Case studies involve an in-depth analysis of a particular individual, group, or phenomenon within its real-life context. Researchers gather rich, detailed data through various methods such as interviews, observations, and document analysis.
6. In qualitative research, content analysis is primarily used for:
a) Exploring social relationships
b) Understanding cultural contexts
c) Analyzing textual or visual data
d) Conducting experiments
Answer: c) Analyzing textual or visual data
Explanation: Content analysis involves systematically analyzing textual or visual data to identify patterns, themes, or trends. Researchers use this method to examine media content, documents, interviews, or other forms of communication.
7. Which method of data collection in qualitative research involves engaging with participants in a conversational manner to gather detailed insights?
a) Survey
b) Experiment
c) Interview
d) Observation
Answer: c) Interview
Explanation: Interviews in qualitative research involve engaging with participants in a conversational manner to gather detailed insights, perspectives, and experiences. Researchers use various interview formats such as structured, semi-structured, or unstructured to explore research questions.
8. Which type of research methodology emphasizes the active involvement of community members in the research process?
a) Traditional Research
b) Action Research
c) Case Studies
d) Sociometry
Answer: b) Action Research
Explanation: Action research emphasizes the active involvement of community members in the research process, particularly in identifying problems, developing solutions, and implementing interventions to bring about positive change.
9. What distinguishes participatory research from other research methodologies?
a) Emphasis on statistical analysis
b) Use of experimental designs
c) Collaboration with community members
d) Focus on theoretical frameworks
Answer: c) Collaboration with community members
Explanation: Participatory research involves collaboration with community members throughout the research process, from problem identification to data collection and analysis. It prioritizes the inclusion of diverse perspectives and promotes empowerment within communities.
10. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of qualitative data construction?
a) Emphasis on numerical measurement
b) Subjective interpretation
c) Rich description
d) Contextual understanding
Answer: a) Emphasis on numerical measurement
Explanation: Qualitative data construction focuses on capturing rich, descriptive data that provides insight into subjective experiences, meanings, and contexts. Unlike quantitative research, it does not prioritize numerical measurement or statistical analysis.