1. Which of the following is NOT a consideration in the selection of tunnel alignment?
a) Geological surveys
b) Traffic flow
c) Alignment convenience
d) Population density
Explanation: The selection of tunnel alignment typically considers geological surveys to assess ground conditions, traffic flow patterns, and alignment convenience to minimize environmental impact and construction costs. Population density is not typically a primary consideration.
2. Which type of soil presents the greatest challenge for tunnel construction?
a) Soft soil
b) Hard soil
c) Rock
d) Sand
Explanation: Soft soil presents significant challenges for tunnel construction due to its instability and tendency to deform under pressure, requiring special engineering techniques for support.
3. What is the purpose of a pilot shaft in tunnel construction?
a) To provide ventilation
b) To test soil conditions
c) To serve as an emergency exit
d) To guide tunnel boring machines
Explanation: A pilot shaft is typically used to test soil conditions and assess the feasibility of tunnel construction before main excavation begins.
4. Which lining material is commonly used for tunnels in rock formations?
a) Concrete
b) Steel
c) Brick
d) Timber
Explanation: Concrete lining is commonly used for tunnels in rock formations due to its strength, durability, and ability to withstand geological pressures.
5. Which phenomenon poses a risk to tunnel construction due to sudden release of pressure?
a) Tunnel collapse
b) Pressure relief
c) Soil liquefaction
d) Ventilation failure
Explanation: Pressure relief phenomenon poses a risk to tunnel construction, as sudden release of pressure can cause ground instability and potential collapse.
6. What is the primary purpose of mucking operation in tunnel construction?
a) Ventilation
b) Excavation
c) Lining installation
d) Drainage
Explanation: Mucking operation primarily involves the removal of excavated material from the tunnel, facilitating excavation progress.
7. Which factor is NOT considered in the construction of tunnel approaches?
a) Traffic flow
b) Geological stability
c) Aesthetic appeal
d) Alignment convenience
Explanation: Aesthetic appeal is not typically a primary consideration in the construction of tunnel approaches, which primarily focuses on factors like traffic flow, geological stability, and alignment convenience.
8. What is the purpose of drainage in tunnel construction?
a) To prevent flooding
b) To provide irrigation
c) To cool the tunnel
d) To enhance structural stability
Explanation: Drainage in tunnel construction is essential to prevent flooding and maintain stable ground conditions inside the tunnel.
9. Which existing tunnel in India is known for its architectural beauty?
a) Yamuna Expressway Tunnel
b) Rohtang Tunnel
c) Chennai Port Tunnel
d) Jammu-Udhampur Tunnel
Explanation: The Rohtang Tunnel in India is known for its architectural beauty and engineering marvel, providing a vital connection to the Lahaul and Spiti Valley.
10. Which famous tunnel abroad is renowned for its underwater passage?
a) Laerdal Tunnel, Norway
b) Channel Tunnel, France-UK
c) Seikan Tunnel, Japan
d) Gotthard Base Tunnel, Switzerland
Explanation: The Channel Tunnel, connecting France and the UK, is renowned for its underwater passage beneath the English Channel, representing a remarkable feat of engineering.