1. Which renewable energy source directly converts sunlight into electric power?
A) Wind energy
B) Geothermal energy
C) Solar energy
D) Tidal energy
Answer: C) Solar energy
Explanation: Solar energy is converted directly into electric power through photovoltaic (PV) cells, which capture sunlight and convert it into electricity through the photovoltaic effect.
2. What type of energy conversion system utilizes the kinetic energy of moving air to generate electricity?
A) Geothermal
B) Biomass
C) Wind
D) Tidal
Answer: C) Wind
Explanation: Wind energy systems use the kinetic energy of moving air (wind) to rotate turbine blades, which then drive generators to produce electricity.
3. Which renewable energy source harnesses the gravitational pull of the moon to generate electricity?
A) Solar
B) Wind
C) Tidal
D) Geothermal
Answer: C) Tidal
Explanation: Tidal energy systems utilize the gravitational forces between the Earth, moon, and sun to generate electricity by capturing the kinetic energy of tidal currents.
4. What method directly converts the Earth’s internal heat into electric power?
A) Solar panels
B) Wind turbines
C) Geothermal power plants
D) Biomass generators
Answer: C) Geothermal power plants
Explanation: Geothermal power plants extract heat from the Earth’s interior and convert it into electricity through turbines and generators.
5. Which renewable energy source involves the conversion of organic matter into usable energy?
A) Biogas
B) Solar
C) Wind
D) Tidal
Answer: A) Biogas
Explanation: Biogas is produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic materials such as agricultural waste, sewage, and food scraps, and it can be burned to produce electricity.
6. What type of energy conversion system involves the use of hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity?
A) Solar
B) Wind
C) Fuel cells
D) Tidal
Answer: C) Fuel cells
Explanation: Fuel cells generate electricity through an electrochemical process that combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce water, releasing energy in the form of electricity.
7. Which technology converts temperature differences directly into electricity?
A) Solar panels
B) Wind turbines
C) Thermoelectric modules
D) Geothermal power plants
Answer: C) Thermoelectric modules
Explanation: Thermoelectric modules generate electricity from temperature differences between two surfaces by exploiting the Seebeck effect.
8. What method converts the kinetic energy of a conductive fluid into electrical power?
A) Wind turbines
B) Solar panels
C) Biomass generators
D) MHD-Converter
Answer: D) MHD-Converter
Explanation: MHD (MagnetoHydroDynamics) converters utilize the motion of conductive fluids (like plasma or seawater) through a magnetic field to generate electricity.
9. Which renewable energy system involves the conversion of organic waste into methane gas for electricity production?
A) Biogas
B) Tidal
C) Geothermal
D) Wind
Answer: A) Biogas
Explanation: Biogas systems convert organic waste, such as agricultural residues or sewage, into methane gas through anaerobic digestion, which can be burned for electricity generation.
10. What type of energy system combines multiple renewable energy sources to optimize power generation?
A) Hybrid energy systems
B) Biomass generators
C) Solar panels
D) Geothermal power plants
Answer: A) Hybrid energy systems
Explanation: Hybrid energy systems integrate two or more renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, to maximize efficiency and reliability of electricity generation.