1. Which type of join is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them?
A) Equi-join
B) Non-equijoin
C) Self-join
D) Outer join
Answer: A) Equi-join
Explanation: Equi-join is used to retrieve rows from two or more tables based on a related column between them.
2. What special operator is used to compare a value to similar values using wildcard characters?
A) ANY
B) ALL
C) LIKE
D) EXISTS
Answer: C) LIKE
Explanation: The LIKE operator is used in a WHERE clause to search for a specified pattern in a column.
3. Which SQL keyword is used to filter the result set based on a subquery?
A) ANY
B) ALL
C) EXISTS
D) IN
Answer: C) EXISTS
Explanation: The EXISTS keyword is used to test for the existence of any rows in a subquery.
4. Which type of join returns all rows from both tables, joining records where available and filling in NULLs for missing matches?
A) Inner join
B) Left join
C) Right join
D) Full outer join
Answer: D) Full outer join
Explanation: Full outer join returns all rows from both tables, joining records where available and filling in NULLs for missing matches.
5. What does ANSI SQL stand for?
A) American National Standards Institute Structured Query Language
B) Association of National Systems and Integration Structured Query Language
C) Advanced Networking and Systems Integration SQL
D) Automated Network Standards Integration SQL
Answer: A) American National Standards Institute Structured Query Language
Explanation: ANSI SQL refers to the American National Standards Institute’s standard for SQL.
6. Which type of query is used to retrieve data in a hierarchical structure from a table with a self-referencing relationship?
A) Hierarchical query
B) Inline query
C) Flashback query
D) Outer query
Answer: A) Hierarchical query
Explanation: Hierarchical queries are used to retrieve data in a hierarchical structure, commonly from tables with self-referencing relationships.
7. What is the purpose of using a flashback query?
A) To query historical data
B) To query data from multiple tables
C) To query data using wildcard characters
D) To query data in a hierarchical structure
Answer: A) To query historical data
Explanation: Flashback queries allow users to query historical data from a table.
8. What is an anonymous block in SQL?
A) A block of code that is not named and cannot be reused
B) A block of code that is named and can be reused
C) A block of code that executes automatically when the SQL script is run
D) A block of code that contains only comments
Answer: A) A block of code that is not named and cannot be reused
Explanation: An anonymous block in SQL is a block of code that is not named and cannot be reused.
9. Which construct in ANSI SQL is used to execute a series of SQL statements conditionally based on a set of conditions?
A) Anonymous block
B) Nested anonymous block
C) Branching
D) Looping
Answer: C) Branching
Explanation: Branching constructs in ANSI SQL are used to execute a series of SQL statements conditionally based on a set of conditions.
10. What is the purpose of using a nested anonymous block in ANSI SQL?
A) To improve code readability
B) To execute a block of code within another block of code
C) To create a reusable block of code
D) To execute a series of SQL statements conditionally
Answer: B) To execute a block of code within another block of code
Explanation: Nested anonymous blocks in ANSI SQL are used to execute a block of code within another block of code.