Explain the procedure to repeat code in PHP.

In PHP, there are several ways to repeat code, depending on the specific needs of your program. Here are some of the most common ways to repeat code in PHP:

Loops:

Loops allow you to repeat a block of code a certain number of times, or until a certain condition is met. There are three types of loops in PHP:

for loop: Executes a block of code a specified number of times.

for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
  echo $i;
}

In this example, the loop will execute 10 times, with the $i variable starting at 0 and incrementing by 1 each time through the loop.r

while loop: Executes a block of code as long as a specified condition is true.

$i = 0;
while ($i < 10) {
  echo $i;
  $i++;
}

In this example, the loop will execute as long as $i is less than 10, with the $i variable incrementing by 1 each time through the loop.

do…while loop: Executes a block of code at least once, and then continues to execute the code as long as a specified condition is true.

$i = 0;
do {
  echo $i;
  $i++;
} while ($i < 10);

In this example, the loop will execute at least once, and then continue to execute as long as $i is less than 10, with the $i variable incrementing by 1 each time through the loop.

Functions

Functions allow you to encapsulate a block of code that can be called multiple times with different inputs. You can define your own functions in PHP, or use built-in functions.

Here’s an example of defining a function that squares a number:

function square($num) {
  return $num * $num;
}

echo square(4); // Outputs 16
echo square(6); // Outputs 36

In this example, the square function takes a single parameter $num, multiplies it by itself, and returns the result. The function can be called multiple times with different input values.

Include/require

PHP also provides include and require statements that allow you to include a block of code from another file. This can be useful for repeating code that is used across multiple files in your program.

Here’s an example:

// functions.php
function square($num) {
  return $num * $num;
}

// index.php
require 'functions.php';
echo square(4); // Outputs 16
echo square(6); // Outputs 36

In this example, the require statement includes the functions.php file, which defines the square function. The square function can then be called multiple times from within the index.php file.