Describe sequential Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)using proper diagram.

The sequential Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) is a fundamental component of a computer processor responsible for performing arithmetic and logic operations. Let’s break down the provided information and describe how it works using a simplified diagram.

1. Arithmetic Circuit: This part of the ALU performs arithmetic operations like addition and subtraction.
2. Logic Circuit: This section handles logical operations such as AND, OR, and XOR.
3. Multiplexer (MUX): The multiplexer selects between the output of the arithmetic and logic circuits based on the mode select lines S_2​.

• Mode Selection (S2): When S_2​=0, the ALU performs arithmetic operations, and the output of the arithmetic circuit is chosen. When S₂​=1, it performs logic operations, and the output of the logic circuit is chosen.
• Carry Input (Cin): When performing arithmetic operations, the carry input is considered. However, for logic operations, the carry input is always set to 0.
• Output Calculation (Yi): The output (Yi​) is determined by either the arithmetic or logic operation being performed. For instance, for logic operations, where S₂=1S2​=1 and Cin=0, the output is calculated as Yi​=Ai​⊕Bi​.