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Explain the function of arithmetic circuit with the help of circuit diagram.

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By Dipali Umre

Arithmetic circuit performs the operation of both addition and subtraction. It has two 4-bit inputs A3 A2 A1 A0 and B3 B2 B1 B0
4-bit parallel adder/subtractor : It is an arithmetic circuit.

1. The ADD/SUB control line, connected with Cin of the full adder, is used to perform the operations of addition and subtraction.

2.The EXOR gates are used as controlled inverters.

3.If C = 0, the input variable X is either 0 or 1 will be transferred to output terminal.

4.If C = 1, the input variable X is either 0 or 1 will be complemented and transferred to output. By using this EXOR gate property we use this gate in the 4-bit adder / subtractor circuit.

Case 1 : ADD/SUB = 1

i. Now, the controlled inverter (EXOR gate) produces the 1’s complement of B3 B2 B1 B0 Since 1 is given to Cin of the LSB bit of the adder, it is added to the complemented output of EXOR gate output, it is equal to 2’s complement of B3 B2 B1 B0.

ii. The 2’s complemented B3 B2 B1 B0 will be added to A3 A2 A1 A0 to produce the sum, the produced output of S3 S2 S1 S0 is the difference between A3 A2 A1 A0 and B3 B2 B1 B0.

Case 2 : ADD/SUB = 0.

      i. Now, the controlled inverter is transferred B3 B2 B1 B0 four bit to full adder, this 4 bit is added with A3 A2 A1 A0 to produce sum and carry

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