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Explain the functional units of digital system and their inter connections.

  1. Central Processing Unit (CPU):
    • The brain of the computer.
    • Takes data from input devices and processes it based on instructions (programs).
    • Sends processed data to output devices.
    • Has two main parts:
      • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Does math and logic operations like adding, subtracting, and comparing data.
      • Control Unit (CU): Coordinates and controls the execution of instructions, manages the flow of data between different parts of the computer.
  1. Input Unit:
    • Takes instructions and data from the outside world.
    • Converts them into a form the computer can understand.
    • Sends the converted data to the computer for processing.
  2. Output Unit:
    • Receives processed data from the computer.
    • Converts it into a readable form for humans.
    • Sends the converted data to the outside world.
  3. Storage Unit:
    • Stores:
      • Data and instructions needed for processing (received from input devices).
      • Intermediate processing results.
      • Results for output before they’re sent to output devices.

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