Abandonment of the system:
- Users reject the system and turn to other sources of information.
- Common among managers and professionals in business systems or any user on the web.
Partial use of the system:
- Users only use the easiest or most beneficial features of the system.
- Historically, many computer systems have unused capabilities.
Indirect use of the system:
- Users place an intermediary between themselves and the computer.
- Typically done by those with high status and discretion, like managers.
Modification of the task:
- Users change the task to fit the system’s capabilities.
- Common in situations where tools are inflexible, and the problem is unstructured.
Compensatory activity:
- Users perform extra actions to compensate for system shortcomings.
- For instance, manually reformatting information to match the computer’s requirements.
Misuse of the system:
- Users bend the rules to bypass operational difficulties.
- Requires good knowledge of the system and may impact its integrity.
Direct programming:
- Users reprogram the system to meet their specific needs.
- Often done by more sophisticated users.