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Give a short summary of IP protocol functions.

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By Dipali Umre

Addressing:

  • IP needs to know where to send data, so it uses host addressing.
  • It allows unique addressing across large networks.
  • Facilitates routing of data to distant networks.
  • Understanding IP addressing is crucial for comprehending TCP/IP.

Data Encapsulation and Formatting/Packaging:

  • IP, as the network layer protocol, receives data from transport layer protocols like UDP and TCP.
  • It encapsulates this data into an IP datagram with a special format before transmission.

Fragmentation and Reassembly:

  • IP datagrams are sent to the data link layer for local network transmission.
  • Different networks may have varying frame sizes, so IP can fragment datagrams.
  • Reassembly function at the receiver’s end recreates the complete IP datagram.
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