Virtual Private Network (VPN):
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) acts like a secure tunnel over the internet, ensuring that your data remains private and protected. Here’s a breakdown:
- Secure Connection: VPNs use encryption to establish a secure connection over potentially insecure networks like the internet.
- Network Extension: They allow users to virtually become part of a local network even when physically distant, enhancing accessibility and security.
- Tunneling Protocols: VPNs employ tunneling protocols to create a secure path for data transmission.
Tunnel Mode:
Tunnel mode, specifically in IPSec (Internet Protocol Security), involves encapsulating the original data within an additional packet for added security. Simplifying further:
- Encapsulation: In IPSec tunnel mode, the original data (IP header and payload) is wrapped within another packet.
- Extra Layer of Protection: The original IP packet is shielded with an Authentication Header (AH) or Encapsulating Security Protocol (ESP) header, along with an extra IP header.
- Appearance of Traffic: The communication between two VPN Gateways seems like it’s originating from these gateways, thanks to the new IP datagram. The original data is encrypted (if ESP is used), adding a layer of security within the IPSec packet.